The Signs and Symptoms of Oral Cancer
Oral cancer is caused by abnormal cell growth in the mouth, lips, tongue, or throat. With early detection, treatment success rates are significantly higher. While people over 45 are at greater risk, anyone experiencing the following symptoms should consider an oral cancer screening:
- Discoloured patches in the mouth or on the lips: Such as white or dark red areas.
- Unusual lumps or texture changes: In the mouth or on the lips.
- Persistent sores, numbness, or bleeding: That doesn’t heal.
- Changes in tongue sensation, taste, or difficulty swallowing.
The Risk Factors for Oral Cancer
Certain behaviours and conditions increase the risk of oral cancer, including:
- Smoking or using tobacco products: Cigarettes, cigars, or chewing tobacco.
- Heavy or moderate alcohol consumption: Especially when combined with tobacco use.
- Possible HPV infection: In the mouth.
- Excessive sun exposure: Can increase the risk of lip cancer.
- Poor diet or unhealthy eating habits.
- Family history of oral cancer.
- Oral cancer is more common in men than in women.
- A history of leukoplakia: Thick, whitish patches inside the mouth.
Understanding the signs and risk factors can help you take proactive steps to protect your oral health. If you notice any of these symptoms or have multiple risk factors, book a screening today for peace of mind and early intervention.
Prevention, Detection, and Treatment of Oral Cancer
Treatment for oral cancer is customized based on the specific needs of each patient. It largely depends on the severity, type, and location of the suspected cancer.
Spotting Early Signs of Cancer
The main goal of an oral cancer screening is to detect cancer or precancerous conditions as early as possible. During the screening, your dentist will thoroughly examine the inside of your mouth and under your tongue for any red or white patches or suspicious sores. They will also feel the tissues in your mouth for lumps or unusual textures. In addition, your dentist may examine the outside of your throat and neck to check for any lumps or abnormalities.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If your screening indicates possible signs of cancer, additional tests may be recommended. These could include a biopsy, where a small sample of tissue is taken for lab analysis, or imaging tests like X-rays, ultrasounds, CT scans, or MRIs to gather more information. If cancer is confirmed, treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy may be used to manage or remove tumours.
Prevention of Oral Cancer
Proactive steps can help reduce your risk of oral cancer. Regular dental exams and screenings play a vital role in early detection. Quitting tobacco products and drinking alcohol responsibly are key lifestyle changes to lower your risk. Protecting your lips with UV-blocking lip balms and limiting sun exposure can further reduce your risk. A balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables supports overall health. During your daily brushing and flossing routine, take time to check your mouth for any unusual changes, and promptly report any concerns to your dentist. By focusing on prevention, early detection, and timely treatment, you can significantly reduce the risks associated with oral cancer and maintain your oral health.
Contact us today
to schedule an initial consultation & exam.
Your consultation will include an examination of everything from your teeth, gums and soft tissues to the shape and condition of your bite. Generally, we want to see how your whole mouth looks and functions. Before we plan your treatment we want to know everything about the health and aesthetic of your smile, and, most importantly, what you want to achieve so we can help you get there.
Frequently Asked Questions
If you have any risk factors for oral cancer, it’s a good idea to ask for a screening during your regular dental exam. If you notice discoloured patches, lumps, or sores in your mouth, schedule an appointment to get them checked out promptly.
Your dentist will examine your lips, cheeks, gums, tongue (all sides), and the roof of your mouth. They will also feel for lumps or unusual textures inside your mouth and around your face, jaw, throat, and neck to check for any abnormalities.
To self-check:
- Wash your hands thoroughly.
- Use a mirror to examine your lips, tongue (including the sides and underside), gums, and the roof of your mouth.
- Gently pull your lips up and down to look behind them.
- Use gauze or a cotton pad to help grip your tongue.
- Feel the inside of your mouth for lumps, tenderness, or unusual textures.
If you notice colour changes, unusual bumps, or sores that don’t heal within two weeks, consult your dentist.
Early signs may include small, painless flat patches in red, white, gray, or yellow with red edges. These can appear anywhere in the mouth—on the lips, gums, cheeks, tongue, or roof. Anything unusual in appearance or sensation should be evaluated by a dentist or doctor.
Early detection is key—regular screenings and self-checks help protect your health.
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